Electrical steel is an extremely low carbon ferrosilicon alloy material with a silicon content of 0.5%-4.5%, with high permeability, low coercivity, large resistivity and other characteristics, widely used in the manufacture of generators, motors, transformers, transformers and other equipment.

According to the different production process, electrical steel is divided into hot rolled electrical  steel and cold rolled electrical steel two, cold rolled sheet thickness uniform, good surface quality, high magnetic properties are better than hot rolled sheet, therefore, hot rolled sheet is facing the trend of being gradually eliminated by cold rolled sheet.

Cold-rolled electrical steel can be divided into oriented electrical steel and unoriented electrical  steel according to the internal grain orientation. The grain of oriented electrical steel is basically in one direction, and the silicon content is high, which is mainly used in transformer manufacturing. Non-oriented electrical steel has disorganized grain distribution and low silicon content, which is mainly used in motor manufacturing. The properties of oriented electrical steel will be identified by magnetic measurement after production. The magnetic induction is less than 1.88T, which is the general oriented electrical steel (CGO), and the magnetic induction is greater than 1.88T, which is the high magnetic induction oriented electrical steel (HiB).

The properties of oriented electrical steel can be defined by iron loss, magnetic induction and other indicators, and are usually distinguished by grades. The lower the loss value of oriented electrical steel, the higher the magnetic induction and the better the performance, which can reduce the power loss of the transformer. In addition, under the same capacity, the volume and weight of the transformer core made of oriented electrical steel are reduced, and electrical steel sheets, electromagnetic wires and insulation materials can be saved.

At present, China has become the world's largest producer and consumer of electrical steel, but the proportion of oriented electrical steel is still small. In 2021, the total output of electrical steel in China will reach 13.1828 million tons, of which 1.809 million tons of oriented electrical steel and 11.3819 million tons of non-oriented electrical steel.