Firstly, the thermal stability of the core is a key factor in determining the long-term stable operation of a transformer. During operation, transformers generate heat due to the flow of current and changes in the magnetic field, causing the temperature of the core to rise. The thermal stability of the core material requires it to maintain good magnetic properties and structural stability under high-temperature conditions. Traditional silicon steel materials tend to experience a decrease in magnetic permeability at high temperatures, which impacts transformer efficiency. To address this, researchers have proposed using high-thermal-stability alloy materials, such as amorphous alloys and rare-earth alloys, to replace traditional silicon steel, thereby improving the thermal stability of the core and ensuring the transformer operates properly under high load and high-temperature conditions.

Secondly, the insulation performance of the core is a critical indicator for ensuring the safe operation of a transformer. High-voltage transformers are required to withstand high voltages and large currents, and the core must also have excellent insulation properties to prevent current leakage and short circuits. The insulation performance of the core is influenced by several factors, including the choice of core material, the use of insulating coatings, and the rationality of the core design. To enhance insulation performance, modern high-voltage transformers employ advanced insulation technologies, such as high-performance insulating paints, paper-based insulating materials, and composite materials. Additionally, precise core manufacturing and fine coating treatments can effectively improve the insulation performance of the core, reducing the likelihood of failures.

Thirdly, the electrical conductivity of the core material also significantly impacts both its thermal stability and insulation performance. The higher the electrical conductivity of the core material, the more likely eddy current losses will occur, which not only wastes energy but can also lead to localized overheating, thus affecting insulation performance. To mitigate this, low-conductivity core materials, such as high-alloy steel and amorphous alloy materials, can be used to effectively reduce eddy current losses and decrease core temperature rise, improving both thermal stability and insulation performance. Moreover, new technologies like nano-coating techniques and advanced cooling system designs can help the core dissipate heat more effectively, further enhancing its overall performance.

Fourthly, the design and manufacturing processes of the core are also crucial for its thermal stability and insulation performance. Precise manufacturing processes can reduce defects in the core and improve its overall quality. Modern transformer core designs use more refined processing techniques, such as laser cutting and precision stamping, to ensure uniformity of the core material and minimize surface defects. Furthermore, reasonable core structure designs, such as the addition of heat dissipation channels or the use of segmented designs, can enhance the thermal stability of the core and reduce the effects of localized overheating on the insulation layers.

Finally, improving the thermal stability and insulation performance of transformer cores not only enhances the operational efficiency of transformers but also extends their service life. As the demand for electricity grows and the load on high-voltage transformers increases, researching and improving the thermal stability and insulation performance of cores will become a critical avenue for advancing transformer technology. By using advanced materials, optimizing designs, and innovating manufacturing processes, the efficiency and reliability of transformers can be significantly improved, providing a more robust guarantee for the stable operation of power systems.